In some cases, retinal blood vessel damages might lead to a buildup of fluid or edema in the macula. This leakage can cause swelling of the macula. Tiny bulges in the blood vessels protrude from the walls of the smaller vessels and may leak fluid and blood into the retina. However, these conditions are independent of another.ĭuring early stage of diabetic retinopathy, the walls of blood vessels in the retina are weakened. There are 2 main conditions that lead to an impaired vision. People with diabetes are 25 times more likely to experience blindness than people without diabetes.ĭiabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes caused due to prolonged high blood sugar levels damaging the back of the eye or retina, an essential part of the eye that enables vision. Over time, high blood sugar levels from diabetes lead to damage of the retina, resulting in vision loss. Eye damages caused by diabetes (diabetic eye diseases) can interfere with several parts of the eyes, including the muscle of the eye, lens, optic disc, optic nerve and retina.ĭiabetes is recognized as one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in adults age 20–74. Overtime, regardless of the type of diabetes, uncontrolled blood sugar can potentially lead to blood vessel damages, causing a wide range of diabetes complications affecting different organs, such as the kidney, heart and nervous system as well as the eyes. Instead of being transported into the cells, sugar builds up in the bloodstream, causing high blood sugar levels. With diabetes, the body either does not produce sufficient amount of insulin (type 1 diabetes) or cannot use insulin effectively due to insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes). In normal conditions, insulin as a crucial hormone works to lower the amount of sugar in the blood circulation by moving sugar from the blood into the cells to be stored or used for energy. Diabetes and eyesĭiabetes is defined as a metabolic disease present with an elevated blood sugar level. The main contributing factors are related to unhealthy lifestyles, including overconsumption of carbohydrate and sugar, lack of exercise and sedentary behaviors, such as sitting or lying down while engaged in watching television, playing video games and using a mobile phone or computer for much of the day. Nevertheless, interesting findings derived from clinical studies reveal that the incidence of type 2 diabetes has increased among obese children. Whereas type 1 diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes usually occurs in adolescents and children aged younger than 10 when the pancreas produces insufficient or no insulin. As the most common type of diabetes, it is often found in people aged over 40. Type 2 diabetes is an impairment of using insulin to regulate and use sugar (insulin resistance). Despite adults are the most diagnosed age group, diabetes can actually develop in anyone at any age, depending on the types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is among other common chronic diseases affecting people’s health.
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